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Logic

Discussion of ontological categories and analytical principles, distinguishing philosophical logic from symbolic or mathematical logic.

• Introduction to Ontological Categories (2008)
• Logic and Language (2009)
• The Incompleteness of Formal Logic (2012-2021) [Parts I-IV only]
• Plato’s Parmenides: An Exercise in Antinomic Dialectic (2022)

Epistemology

Examination of ways of knowing the world a posteriori, such as intuition, observation, deduction, induction, and other bases of belief.

• When A Fallacy is Not a Fallacy: Non-Logical Modes of Argumentation (2010)
  • Related Reading: M. Boudry, F. Paglieri, M. Pigliucci. The Fake, the Flimsy and the Fallacious: Demarcating Arguments in Real Life (2015)
• The Insufficiency of Empiricism (2012)

Mathematics

Meta-mathematical concepts are discussed in the Science and Mathematics page.

Natural Philosophy

Principles of physical causality and other basic concepts, some of which are discussed in the Science section.

• Basic Issues in Natural Philosophy (2014-17) [Parts I-VI only]
• On the Reality of Temporal Succession (2018)

Philosophical Psychology

The immaterial psychic faculties of humans and lesser animals are defined and discussed.

• Does Aristotle Really Say That Bees Are Deaf? (2003)

Ethics

Basic principles of subjective and objective ethics will be defined.

• Essay: Max Stirner versus Morality (2013-14)

Foundations of Ethics

• Vol. I: Stoicism in Cicero (2011)
• Vol. II: Pleasure as the Good in Epicureanism (2013)
• Vol. III: Nietzsche’s Challenge to the Idea of Moral Good (2014-17)
• Vol. IV: Plato and the Good (2023) [Part I only]

Metaphysics

Deals with the deepest principles of being and causation behind the empirically observable universe.

Natural Theology

Inquiries into theology without recourse to special revelation.

• Pascal’s Wager Explained

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